{"id":780,"date":"2018-04-19T06:07:26","date_gmt":"2018-04-19T06:07:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/astro3d.org.au\/?p=780"},"modified":"2020-07-22T11:23:13","modified_gmt":"2020-07-22T01:23:13","slug":"340000-stars-dna-interrogated-in-search-for-suns-lost-siblings","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/astro3d.org.au\/340000-stars-dna-interrogated-in-search-for-suns-lost-siblings\/","title":{"rendered":"340,000 Stars&#8217; DNA interrogated in search for Sun&#8217;s lost siblings"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #333333;\"><strong>ASTRO 3D researchers have revealed the \u201cDNA\u201d of more than 340,000 stars in the Milky Way, which should help them find the siblings of the Sun, now scattered across the sky.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;\">This is a major announcement from an ambitious Galactic Archaeology survey, called\u00a0<a style=\"color: #333333;\" href=\"https:\/\/galah-survey.org\/\">GALAH<\/a>, launched in late 2013 as part of a quest to uncover the formulation and evolution of galaxies. When complete, GALAH will investigate more than a million stars.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;\">The GALAH survey used the HERMES (High Efficiency and Resolution Multi-Element Spectrograph) instrument at the Australian Astronomical Observatory\u2019s (AAO) 3.9-metre Anglo-Australian Telescope near Coonabarabran, NSW, to collect spectra for the 340,000 stars.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;\">The GALAH Survey today makes its<a style=\"color: #333333;\" href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1804.05869\">\u00a0first major public data release<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;\">The GALAH survey is the brainchild of Professor Joss Bland-Hawthorn from the University of Sydney and the ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimensions (ASTRO 3D) and Professor Ken Freeman of the Australian National University (ANU). It was conceived more than a decade ago as a way to unravel the history of our Milky Way galaxy; the HERMES instrument was designed and built by the AAO specifically for the GALAH survey.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;\">The \u2018DNA\u2019 collected traces the ancestry of stars, showing astronomers how the Universe went from having only hydrogen and helium \u2013 just after the Big Bang \u2013 to being filled today with all the elements we have here on Earth that are necessary for life.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333; font-size: 14px;\">Dr. Sarah Martell from the UNSW Sydney, who leads GALAH survey observations, explained that the Sun, like all stars, was born in a group or cluster of thousands of stars.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;\">\u201cEvery star in that cluster will have the same chemical composition, or DNA \u2013 these clusters are quickly pulled apart by our Milky Way Galaxy and are now scattered across the sky,\u201d Dr. Martell said.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;\">\u201cThe GALAH team\u2019s aim is to make DNA matches between stars to find their long-lost sisters and brothers.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;\">For each star, this DNA is the amount they contain each of nearly two dozen chemical elements such as oxygen, aluminium, and iron.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;\">Unfortunately, astronomers cannot collect the DNA of a star with a mouth swab but instead use the starlight, with a technique called spectroscopy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;\">The light from the star is collected by the telescope and then passed through an instrument called a spectrograph, which splits the light into detailed rainbows, or spectra.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;\">Professor Martin Asplund from ANU and a Chief Investigator with ASTRO 3D, said GALAH, when complete, would help reveal the original star clusters of the Milky Way, including the Sun\u2019s birth cluster and solar siblings along with more than one million other stars.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;\">\u201cThis survey allows us to trace the ancestry of stars, showing astronomers how the Universe went from having only hydrogen and helium \u2013 just after the Big Bang \u2013 to being filled with all the elements we have here on Earth that are necessary for life,\u201d said Professor Asplund.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;\">Every star in the Sun\u2019s birth cluster will have the same chemical composition \u2013 this cluster was quickly pulled apart by our Milky Way Galaxy and scattered across the sky.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;\">Professor Asplund led the analysis of the survey data with PhD students Mr Sven Buder from the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy in Germany and Ms Ly Duong from ANU.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;\">\u201cMeasuring each chemical element abundance to get the stellar DNA for so many stars is an enormous challenge, but that\u2019s exactly what we have done so this is a fantastic scientific achievement,\u201d Professor Asplund said.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333;\">The GALAH team have spent more than 280 nights at the telescope since 2014 to collect all the data.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>ASTRO 3D researchers have revealed the \u201cDNA\u201d of more than [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":109,"featured_media":787,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,2,7],"tags":[],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-780","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-galah","category-news","category-science"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>340,000 Stars&#039; 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